Freedom and Morality in Kants Ethics Essay - 2235 Words

Kants Grounding for the Metaphysics of Morals is an exploration and argument that seeks a universally binding first principle for morals. Kant presents an essay in which empirical observations and facts are not adequate to answer the question of, why be moral? Instead Kant relies on theoretical concepts, such as autonomy, morality, duty and goodwill to explain how necessity and causality are ordered. In this essay I will attempt to explain the Kantian connection between freedom and morality. In order to demonstrate the relationship between the Kantian notion of freedom and morality, I will first briefly summarize Kants broader explanations of good will, duty and the categorical imperative. Kant begins his argument with the†¦show more content†¦I think that these statements are bold because it suggests that freedom and morality are inextricably tied together. It seems that Kant is asserting the analytical proposition, that is, freedom equals morality. Although Kant makes a strong connection between morality and freedom, Kant uses this analytical position only for logical purposes. He states this in section 450, Freedom and self legislation are Â…. Reciprocal concepts. (But)Â… one of them cannot be used to explain the other or to supply its grounds, but can at most be used only for logical purposes. However, Kant points out that morality is a synthetic proposition. The principle of morality is, nevertheless, a synthetic propositionÂ… because this property of the wills maxim can never be found by analyzing the concept of good will. (448). According to Kant an analysis of freedom is necessary to support the synthetic analysis of morality. If an agent wished to explore one, then she would be forced to explore the other just as equally. However, to discover morality, one must also examine the meaning of a good will in conjunction with freedom. However, the main thrust of this analytical claim is that the implications of freedom provide compelling reasons to act on the Categorical Imperative. Before a connection between theShow MoreRelatedKantian Ethics And The Categorical Imperative Essay1581 Words   |  7 PagesAnalysis of Kantian Ethics and critiques In Elements of Pure Practical Reason Book, I, Immanuel Kant, a prominent late Enlightenment Era German philosopher discusses his most famous ethical theory, the â€Å"Categorical Imperative.† The â€Å"Categorical Imperative† is a proposed universal law in stating all humans are forbidden from certain actions regardless of consequences. Although this is the general definition of this ethical theory, the Categorical Imperative† exists in two above formulations, A strictRead MoreAristotle And Kant s Theory Of Justice1327 Words   |  6 Pagesessentially to compare modern philosophy to classic philosophy. Aristotle’s theory of justice links together ethics and politics; while Kant’s theory of justice is based on strictly defined principles of morality. Modern philosopher Michael J. Sandel provides a detailed analysis of each theory in his book Justice: What’s the Right Thing to do? Although the key features of Aristotle’s and Kant’ s theories are mostly different in nature, there are also some key similarities between the two. The firstRead MoreExploring Whether All Morality Should Reduce to Respecting Autonomy1377 Words   |  6 PagesKantian Ethics states that all morality can be reduced to respecting autonomy. This theory has faced criticisms as well as support. Its most plausible idea is that autonomous agents are capable of making their own decisions and even if their choices may not be the best for them, these choices should be respected. However, criticisms of this theory include concerns such as 1) respecting autonomy is not equivalent to respecting the autonomous agent, 2) the theory does not concern (or concerns veryRead MoreMorality via Kant and Hegel1712 Words   |  7 Pagesnonexistence. An endeavor in which few can be said to have been as influential as Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) and his most trenchant critic, G.W.F. Hegel (1770-1831). Kant’s deontological attempt to unearth this criterion rests on one of the most metaphysical and abstract explanations ever given for the common intuitions of morality (Scruton 2001, 73). With the metaphysical dual-ism claimed by his Transcendental Idealism as his cornerstone, Kant argued that Reason – to him a defining and immutableRead MoreKant s Philosophy Of Ethics And Moral Reasoning1432 Words   |  6 PagesIn his book, â€Å"Critique of Practical Reason,† Immanuel Kant outlines his philosophy of ethics and moral reasoning. He introduces the reader to the Fundamental Law of Pure Practical Reason in chapter one of the Analytic. The Universal Law is a categorical imperative, which states: â€Å"So act that the maxim of your will could always hold at the same time as a principle in a giving of universal law† (Kant, 1993, p. 30). Like other nonconsequentialists, Kant is much more concerned with the motive behindRead MoreEmmanuel Kant and Moral Theory158 9 Words   |  6 Pages One of Kants greatest contributions to moral theory is the concept of pure practical reason that, as an alternative to moral sense theory or teleological ethics, more positively views the capability of fallible individuals to act morally. Practical reason, the basis of Kantian metaphysics, was revolutionary because it challenged skepticism towards human moral capacities and insisted that the moral faculty is an implicit part of common human reason. Practical reason is an instrumental theoryRead MoreThe Comparable And Contrastable Philosophies Of Kierkegaard And Kant Essay1294 Words   |  6 Pagesthe comparable and contrasting views of Soren Kierkegaard and Immanuel Kant. Their extraordinary journeys towards the meaning of morality and ethics is riveting, spiritual, universal, and in many ways, incredibly different. My conclusion is that though there are aspects which bind their theories together, ultimately both men possess different understandings of what morality is and how an in dividual ought to be moral. Kierkegaard, while exemplifying a less structured philosophical outline embeds hisRead MoreKant: Moral Theories1002 Words   |  5 PagesKants moral theory According to Timmons, the field of philosophy is not complete without the mention of Kant whose contributions were major (205). This, he adds, was influenced by his originality, subtle approach and the difficulty of his works. Timmons cites that moral requirements are a requirement of reason, which is the ideology of Kant’s Moral theory; hence, immoral act is an act against reason. Consequently, speaking on the terminologies of Kant we visualize moral requirements as CategoricalRead MoreExplain Kants Theory of Ethics Essay1573 Words   |  7 PagesA: Explain Kant’s theory of ethics Kant was born in 1724-1804, he was a German thinker from East Prussia (now Russia), and he spent his whole life in his hometown. Kant wanted to create a logical, stand-alone theory that wasn’t just based on assumptions, he believed in an objective right or wrong that is decided on reason and that we shouldn’t do the right thing just because it’s right and not to fulfil our desires. Can we lead a life following his ideals are there not some situations where a perfectRead MorePhilosophy: Beauty is not Morality 1395 Words   |  6 Pagesstates that beauty is morality. Despite the fact physical beauty is highly valued in society, it is not the driving factor when it comes to determining morality and making ethical judgments. To support this, I will be introducing Aristotle’s virtue ethics and David Hume’s A Treatise of Human Nature to demonstrate that beauty is independent of virtue and does not influence morality as it is not considered when discussi ng morality. Kant argues that beauty is equivalent to morality. He states, â€Å"The beautiful

The Role of Afro-Cubans in the Formation of Cuba Essay

The Role of Afro-Cubans in the Formation of Cuba Introduction In the formation of the Cuban nation, the role of Afro-Cubans is undeniably of great importance. The success and riches obtained by Cuba as a Spanish colony would have been unthinkable without the exploitation of African slave labor. Even before emancipation, there were key figures in the Cuban independence movement, such as Antonio Maceo, who were free men of Afro-Cuban origin. After emancipation in 1886, Afro-Cuban ex-slaves showed their enthusiasm for their future in Cuba by volunteering in large numbers to fight in the Liberation Army. Yet in the victory over the Spanish in 1898, Afro-Cubans were given little recognition for their overwhelming support, and were†¦show more content†¦Yet as this all-black party gained supporters, it was accused of racism, and eventually was brutally destroyed by whites fearing its radical tone and armed protests. The massacre of so many members of the PIC was a harsh blow to the Afro-Cuban struggle, and made it unlikely that another unifie d Afro-Cuban movement would be tolerated. Racial Hierarchies in Cuba By the late 19th Century Cuba had developed a unique sense of racial hierarchy which distinguished it from both Latin American countries and the United States. As historian Aline Helg argues in Our Rightful Share: The Afro-Cuban Struggle for Equality, 1886-1912, Cuban racial ideology in these years was based on the claim that there were two distinct races. In addition to whites, there was a ‘raza de color’, made up of blacks and mulattos (3). This two-tiered hierarchy differed from most Latin American countries, which differentiated between blacks and mulattos, or still had a sizeable indigenous population. It also contrasted the prevailing attitude in the United States, which relied on the so-called one-drop rule to define race. Unlike the United States, in Cuba one could have a trace of African ancestry and still be considered white. Since whites in Cuba generally identified blacks and mulattos in the same category, discriminating against them both, the raza de color was extraordinarily unitedShow MoreRelated The Racial Struggle of Afro-Cubans Essay1398 Words   |  6 PagesThe Racial Struggle of Afro-Cubans Introduction Afro-Cubans struggled to no avail for racial equality between the years 1886-1912. The slaughter of protesting blacks in 1912 shows that the battle cries for equality of Antonio Maceo and Josà © Martà © during the war for independence had dissolved. What was left was a unequal Cuban society, divided racially and fearing a black revolution. Aline Helg speaks directly to this issue in her book Our Rightful Share: The Afro-Cuban Struggle for EqualityRead MoreCuba Is A Unique Nation In Which It’S Culture Has Been1622 Words   |  7 PagesCuba is a unique nation in which it’s culture has been defined as a result of incorporating different customs from various nations over time. Beginning in the 1500s, the Spanish would be the first migrants to inhabit the island. Not only did the Spanish bring their customs along with them, but fifteen years after their arrival they also brought African slaves onto the island. Even through the hardships of slavery and oppression, the Afri can’s maintained practices and preserved aspects of their cultureRead MoreCaribbean Literature1477 Words   |  6 Pageshistorical encounters are quite evident throughout the region. The cosmopolitan nature of the regions language and cultural diversity develop from the mixture of European languages with Native American languages (mainly the Caribs and Arawaks) in the formation of creoles and local patois (hybrid languages) and those of Africans brought to the Caribbean as slaves, not withstanding the contributions of Asians mainly from India and China, and Middle Easterners. The fabric of Caribbean Literature is wovenRead More The Effect of Slavery on the Identity of Cuba Essay2124 Words   |  9 PagesThe Effect of Slavery on the Identity of Cuba The Caribbean is a diverse region with a unique history. The progress and advancement of each island complied with the European country in control of it at the time. The Caribbean was conquered and colonized soon after Columbus’ discovery in 1492. A similar aspect of the heterogeneous region has been its plantations. The plantations were an important aspect of the cultural history of the Caribbean. Mintz believed that the plantations tied the coloniesRead MoreCaribbean Crucible: History, Culture, and Globalization4302 Words   |  18 Pagesthe aim of enriching imperial treasuries and creating dependent territories in their service. Reconsidering the Caribbean as an origin-point of the modern global system means more than an understanding of the Caribbeans role in the world. It means understanding the worlds role in the Caribbean, the constant back and forth movement of people, ideas, and things, and the intricate interplay of forces at work in shaping economies, societies, and cultures. It means donning a perspective that allowsRead MoreMusic in the Caribbean3392 Words   |  14 Pagestraditional Cuban rumba, the Puerto Rican bomba as well as music associated with Afro-Caribbean religions (such as Haitian, voodoo, and Cuban Santeria). A few styles, however, reflects a more European influence. The Puerto Rican jiharo music and Cuban punto are two key examples. Local forms of classical music were created in the nineteenth century in Cuba and Puerto Rico as formally trained composers began to infiltrate the area. The most prominent styles in this category are the Cuban contradazaRead MoreThe History of Dance9217 Words   |  37 Pagesupright and controlled position of the body whether in movement or still. Balboa - a form of Swing popularized during the 50s in California. ballerina - female dancer. Prima ballerina, or first dancer, is usually used for one who dances leading roles. ballet - classical theatrical dancing based on the danse decole, the rules and vocabulary that were codified around 1700 in France. ballet blanc - A ballet in which the women wear white tutus, such as the second and fourth acts of Swan Lake. balletRead MorePak Us Relations7976 Words   |  32 PagesPakistan’s role in both these organizations would actually materialize in the case of an actual conflict. However, for the Pakistanis, becoming part of these alliances allowed the country to create stronger links with the US administration and seek increasing aid. In September 1955, Pakistan became a member of the Baghdad Pact organization which later became known as CENTO. Turkey, Iran and Iraq were its earlier members with the US as the backer of the security arrangement. The role of this organizationRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pagescelebrates and sees redemption in Africa and rejects the European values that have oppressed a society. But prior to the advent of popular culture and especially the music recording business in the late twentieth century, its apparatus of cultural formation was controlled fully by the elite who, to a large extent, ran the educational apparatus and the economic system. But much of the country was beginning to question in earnest the structure of colonial society by the early 1930s. The emergence ofRead MoreMandinka Empire21578 Words   |  87 Pagescomponent of the Mandification of Southern English is that back in Africa, Mande traders, warriors, and emigrants were already spreading their influence throughout much of west Africa. Judith Carney points out that â€Å"seven hundred years of Mande empire formation, however, would leave a pronounced legacy on the linguistic and cultural map of West Africa.† This resulted in â€Å"the widespread diffusion of Mande languages as well as selected cultural practices throughout West Africa, a cultural process that Paul

The Structure of Education from Early Years to Post-Compulsory Education Free Essays

The structure of education from early years to post-compulsory education Entitlement provision for early years education. As part of the every child matters agenda and the Childcare Act 2006 every child aged 3 4 is entitled to receive part time early years education of up to 12. 5 hours per week for 38 weeks of the year to ensure that they receive up to 2 years free education before reaching school age. We will write a custom essay sample on The Structure of Education from Early Years to Post-Compulsory Education or any similar topic only for you Order Now The characteristics of schools school governance. All schools are seeking to enforce expectations in terms of meeting the national curriculum. Under the National Curriculum there are four Key Stages to education: Foundation4 year olds Key Stage 15 to 7 year olds Key Stage 27 to 11 year olds Key Stage 311 to 14 year olds Key Stage 414 to 16 year olds Mainstream State Schools All children in England aged 5 to 16 are entitled to free education at a state school, most go to state schools. Nursery school: 3 to 4 year olds Reception: 4 year olds Primary: 5 to 11 year olds (Key Stage 1 2) Secondary: 11 to 16 (Key Stage 3 4) There are 4 main types of state school: Community schools, Foundation Trust schools, Voluntary aided schools, Voluntary Controlled schools. Community schools These are run owned by the local authority cover all 4 Key Stages. Foundation Trust schools Foundation schools are run by a governing body which employs the staff and sets the entrance criteria. Land and buildings are owned either by the governing body or by a charitable foundation. Trust schools are similar, but are run together with an outside body – usually a business or charity – which has formed an educational trust. Voluntary aided schools Voluntary-aided schools are religious or faith schools. Just like foundation schools, the governing body employs the staff and sets the entrance criteria. School buildings and land are usually owned by a charity, often a church. Voluntary Controlled schools Voluntary-controlled schools are a cross between community and voluntary-aided schools. The local authority employs the staff and sets the entrance criteria, like a community school, but the school land and buildings are owned by a charity, often a church, which also appoints some members of the governing body. Specialist schools State secondaries often specialise, which means they have an extra emphasis in one or two subjects. Schools can specialise in: the arts, maths and computing, business and enterprise, music, engineering, science, humanities, sports, languages, and technology. Special schools Special schools are for the education of students with special needs that addresses the students’ individual differences and needs. This could involve the individually planned and systematically monitored arrangement of teaching procedures, adapted equipment and materials, accessible settings designed to help learners with special needs achieve a higher level of success in school and community than would be available if the student were only given access to a typical classroom education. State schools with particular characteristics There are a number of schools within the state schools system with particular characteristics, some may have different admission criteria or funding arrangements but as with other state schools admissions are coordinated by the local authority. Academies Academies are independently managed schools set up by sponsors from business, faith or voluntary groups in partnership with the local authority and the government Department for Children, Schools and Families. City Technology Colleges These are urban-based, independently managed secondary schools geared towards science, technology and the world of work. They offer a range of vocational qualifications as well as GCSEs and A levels. Community and foundation special schools Pupils at a special school have usually been assessed and given a statement of special educational needs (SEN). These may include learning disabilities or physical disabilities. Some special schools are funded by the local education authority. These could be community, voluntary-aided or controlled, or foundation special schools. Some special schools are independent. Faith schools Faith schools are mostly run in the same way as other state schools. However, their faith status may be reflected in their religious education curriculum, admissions criteria ; staffing policies. Grammar schools Grammar schools select all or most of their pupils based on academic ability. Maintained boarding schools Maintained boarding schools offer free tuition, but charge fees for board ; lodging. Independent schools An independent school (also referred to as a private school, or in England as a public school) is a school that is not financed through the taxation system by local or national government and is instead funded by private sources, predominantly in the form of tuition charges, gifts and long-term charitable endowments, and so is not subject to the conditions imposed by accepting state financing. Free schools Free Schools are normally brand-new schools set up by teachers, charities, community or faith groups, universities and groups of parents where there is parental demand. They will be set up as Academies and will be funded in the same way, directly from central government. They also share with Academies a greater control over their finances, the curriculum, and teachers’ pay and conditions. Post 16 options for young people adults. There are more opportunities now than ever before when it comes to post 16 education, previously pupils aged 16 or over either left school and started employment or stayed on to continue their studies. There has been an increase in government funding of education for 14-19 year olds and in particular a focus on reducing the number of young people not in education, employment or training (NEET) post 16. Just under an estimated one million 16 to 24-year-olds (979,000 in total) are considered NEET, according to official figures published in August, of these, around 186,000 are aged 16-18. If you are aged 16 or 17 and coming towards the end of a school or college course, the â€Å"September Guarantee† means that you’ll definitely be able to continue learning. The September Guarantee Under the last Labour government the guarantee was as follows: * Full or part-time education in school, sixth form college, independent learning provider or further education (FE) college * An Apprenticeship or programme-led Apprenticeship, which must include both the training element and a job or work placement * Entry to Employment (E2E) * Employment with training to NVQ level 2 By 2013 all pupils will be required to continue in education or training to at least 17 years of age although under new governments this could change. How to cite The Structure of Education from Early Years to Post-Compulsory Education, Papers

Management and Organizations in a Global Environment

Question: Describe about the Management and Organizations in a Global Environment? Answer: Introduction Organizations face strong challenges in the competitive environment in order to be more efficient and productive at the same time. The organizations can gain competitive advantage by ensuring the workforce to be optimal. However, due to the various reasons including the personality conflicts, lack of conflict management strategies in the organization that may lead to the production of an unproductive report. These factors could be proven costly for the organizations in the long run. Mullins Company has also been going through the similar situations which need to be eradicated as soon as possible in order to meet with the marketing objectives of the company in the future. The project deals in providing details relating to the perceptions of the people leading to unproductive outcome of the marketing objective of the company by implementing the description of the various theories and models as relevant to the case study. Different types of personalities in the meeting using the Myers Briggs theories According to Myers Briggs theory, the personality of an individual can be categorized into a sequence of four cognitive functions which can be intuition, thinking, sensation and feeling (Lloyd 2012). Thus, from the analysis of the personalities of the individuals present in the meeting, it can be found that Davido Banks of the operation department smart, decisive, logical and intuitive as he was the one responsible for starting the conversation. Similarly, Tokundo Jegede had been very flashy with quick responses to every members present in the meeting. Though, Jegede has been passionate in his approach, he was mostly responsible for unproductive outcome of the meeting as he had been arguing with each and every manner being respondent in the meeting. Gloria brown had been also logical and intuitive as Davido, but she had not been dominant by nature. At last, Zainab was character who had been very shy and took an ample amount of time in continuing with the conversation with other team members. Although, Zainab had been shy, introvert and skeptical in the initial phase of the meeting, she had been able to show the professionalism by suggesting the other team members to work as a team in order o be productive in the meeting (The Myers Briggs Foundation 2016). Perceptions of the people leading to unproductive meeting using Attribution theory According to the attribution theory of perception of the individuals, people tend to interpret events and thus, relate them in the way in which they behave or think (Wengrzyn 2016). The attribution theory enables us to understand the reasons for our behavior in specific situations. It also enables us to figure out the reasons why other people behave the way they do. Toluwa: According to the case study, Toluwa had been expecting an appropriate report after the end of the meeting from the representatives of each of the departments of the company. Thus, after getting no positive outcome at the end of the meeting, he became very upset and called the representatives as a bunch of losers. Ralph: Upon asked by the President about the reasons behind the failure of the meeting, Ralph was the first to respond in defense of his choice of sending Davido banks in the meeting. As according to him, Davido has been the most proficient employee in the operations department of the company. Suzanne: In response to the question being asked by the President about the failure of the meeting, Suzanne got fired up and responded in defense in her employee, Zainab to be the best employee in the marketing department of the company and they she had not been responsible for the unproductively of the meeting. Emeka: Similarly, Emeka also responded to the defense of her employee, Tokundo by telling him to be the best employee of the marketing department and that she would be standing by his side as he could not be responsible for the unproductively in the meeting. Temitope: According to Temitope, Gloria could never be responsible for the failure of the meeting as she had been the top flight engineer in the respective department. Temitope also agreed to be on the side of his employee as he believed her to be so proficient that she could not be blamed for the unproductive business outcome. Thus, from the above discussions, it can be found that the indifferences in the unserstanding and the perceptions of the people in respective of each other could hamper with the proper conduction of the communication process which could ultimately lead to unproductive outcomes in the process. Four ways to manage the individual differences The management system puts an emphasis on the importance of the team pe4rpdfformce in order to meet with the business objectives of a particular organization. However, it should be noted that it is due to the individual differences of the employees that could hamper with the proper achievement of the business objectives if the differences are not managed properly (Indermun 2013). Thus, it becomes the responsibility of the managers to manage and control the differences through the training, communication, job allocation and motivation. The ways in which the mangers of the companies could prevent the individual differences can be illustrated as follows: Training employees about the importance of team work Team work is an essential feature of any organization. The organizations, in order to function properly, need a co-operation and collaboration among its workers (Indermun 2013). Thus, the managers are required to make the employees interact with each other. This strategy would help the manger to reduce down the communication gap in business environment and would also help in producing an effective solution to eradicate the individual indifferences among the employees. According to Tung and Schoch (2014), the performance of the teamwork is directly related to the effectiveness of an organization by enhancing the performance of the business processes related to the particular organization. The teamwork is achieved when the team members share ideas with the other employees and correct the mistakes of each other as well. Motivation Motivation can be referred to as the perception and direction of an individual towards a particular action (Indermun 2013). This motivation among the employees can act wonders in enhancing their performances. The motivation level in an employee guides him/her to perform at the optimal level. This motivation level of the employees is directly related with the business performance of the organizations (Robbins and Boyle 2013). Thus, the managers are required to infuse motivation in the employees by implementing appropriate appraisal and reward system for the employees in order to keep them motivated and perform at their optimal level in the future. According to the theory as proposed by McClelland, the mangers should be implementing the following strategies in order to motivate the employees: Influence the employees to accomplish the business objectives Implicate the employees to participate in the social activities and relationships Encourage the employees to achieve the targets (Bradley 2014) Job satisfaction Job satisfaction should not be confused with the motivation of the employees. The job satisfaction is rather an internal state of san individual that reflects more on his/ her attitude (Indermun 2013). It should be noted that the job satisfaction of the employees is affected by the culture, environment and structure of a particular organization which is reflected through the motivational level and performance of the individuals. According to Jensen and Jacobsen (2015), the dissatisfaction in the employees can lead to the deterioration in their performances which could have a deep impact on the performance of the organization. Thus, job satisfaction is a very important attribute which is measured by the performance of the organization in the long run. According to Zablah et al (2016), the managers can expect the following measures from a satisfied employee: Improved team work Enhance business productivity Increased performance on an individual as well as organizational basis Leadership The leadership can be regarded as the most salient feature in the context of an organization. According to Daft (2014), leadership is the process which enables an individuals to exert influence on the others and directs, motivates and inspires them to achieve a common target or goals of a particular organization. It was due to the lack of the leadership skills in the absence of any senior representatives such that the meeting had not been productive at the end. Thus, the managers are required to develop the leadership skills in the employees such that to enable them to provide directions, motivation and inspiration to the fellow members in order to meet the business objectives of the organization (Indermun 2013). Contribution of the departments of the organization to achieve the marketing objective Operations Department: The operations department of an organization, associated with the marketing of its products or services, helps in the planning and maintenance of the respective projects (Shiri 2014). Likewise, in respective of Mullins Company, the importation department would be helping in the planning and monitoring of the marketing strategy for promoting the mop in the market. Marketing Department: The marketing department is the main sector that helps in the promotion of the new products in the market (Hattula and Reinecke 2015). In respective of the mop manufacturing company, the marketing department is the main area which is responsible for the advertisement and promotion of the mop in the market. Design Department: The design department helps in the designing of the promotional items which are required to be circulated in the market (Gero and Maher 2013). Now, for the Mullins Company, the department is responsible for creating realistic drawings, flyers, advertisements and other promotional documents for the purpose of marketing of the same in the market. Engineering Department: The engineering department of an organization helps in the development of the technical aspects of the products or services. In case of Mullins Company, the engineering department is responsible for the innovation and development of a magic mop that is resistant to the stain, bacteria and odors as well. Two challenges faced by the organization in achieving the marketing objectives Personality differences: The main factor responsible for the unproductively of the meeting was the clash of the personalities among the team members present in the meeting. This personality development occurs due to the indifferences in the thinking, views, opinions, and perceptions in the team members which could raise the conflict among the employees (Cooper 2015). This clash of the personalities occurs whenever there is a possibility of the meeting of two or more individuals having opposing views about a particular topic or both of them are having similar dominating qualities. Thus, in case of the meeting, two of the employees (Davido and Tokunbo of the operations and the marketing department respectively) were seemed to be having dominant features owing to their individual personalities. Moreover, the personalities of the other members were opposite to that of the two dominating employees. Thus, this personality different has made the meeting to remind unproductive in the end. Organizational Structure: The corporate structure of the organization helps ion playing a significant role in the implementation of its business objectives (Rowlinson and Decker 2014). In case of the meeting, the President was right to select the best out of each of the departments in the organization for the purpose of planning for the marketing of the mop. However, one big mistake that the President did was that he did not appoint any representative who could have taken the initiative to be the leading the other members in order to achieve the required objective of the company (Tedeschi 2013). Moreover, due to the lack of the leadership qualities and the prevalence of the personality clashes among the team members, it became very difficult for the company to acquire useful information from the meeting. They are also required to be trained about a particular business process or a circumstance in order to provide them with the first hand experience about the situation such that they could deal with any situation in an effective and productive manner. Morover, it should be noted that the more the satisfaction level of the employees withion the business structure would be, the more effective would be the performance level of the individuals and the more productive the respective organization would be. Conclusion The project helps in providing details relating to the perceptions of the people leading to unproductive outcome of a particular business objective of the company by implementing the description of the various theories and models as relevant to the case study. It includes the illustration of the different types of personalities in an organizations and the people management of the same in order to exploit on the usefulness of the resources for producing a productive outcome related to the business objectives. The project also incorporates the descriptions of the various challenges faced by the organization in achieving the marketing objectives in the future. Bibliography Bradley, J.M., 2014. Systems theory based framework for competency models. OLD DOMINION UNIVERSITY. Cooper, C., 2015. Individual differences and personality. Routledge. Daft, R., 2014. The leadership experience. Cengage Learning. Gero, J.S. and Maher, M.L. eds., 2013. Modeling creativity and knowledge-based creative design. Psychology Press. Hattula, J.D., Schmitz, C., Schmidt, M. and Reinecke, S., 2015. Is more always better? An investigation into the relationship between marketing influence and managers' market intelligence dissemination. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 32(2), pp.179-186. Indermun, V. (2013). AN ANALYSIS OF ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR AND ITS IMPACT ON ORGANISATIONAL SUCCESS. [online] Available at: https://www.vnmpublication.com/IJIRM/2013/12%20December/2.pdf [Accessed 20 Mar. 2016]. Jensen, U.T. and Jacobsen, C.B., 2015. Taking Leader and Employee Reports Seriously: Exploring the Relationship between Transformational Leadership and Job Satisfaction with Polynomial Regression and Response Surface Analysis. In XIX IRSPM Conference. Lloyd, J.B., 2012. The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator and mainstream psychology: analysis and evaluation of an unresolved hostility. Journal of Beliefs Values, 33(1), pp.23-34. Robbins, S., Judge, T.A., Millett, B. and Boyle, M., 2013. Organisational behaviour. Pearson Higher Education AU. Rowlinson, M., Hassard, J. and Decker, S., 2014. Research strategies for organizational history: A dialogue between historical theory and organization theory. Academy of Management Review, 39(3), pp.250-274. Shiri, S., 2014. Impact of Globalisation-Integration And Transformation of Hr as A Strategic Partner in Business Operations. Global Journal For Research Analysis, 3(7), pp.193-195. Tedeschi, J.T. ed., 2013. Impression management theory and social psychological research. Academic Press. The Myers Briggs Foundation, (2016). The Myers Briggs Foundation - MBTI Basics. [online] Myersbriggs.org. Available at: https://www.myersbriggs.org/my-mbti-personality-type/mbti-basics/ [Accessed 20 Mar. 2016]. Tung, A., Baird, K. and Schoch, H., 2014. The relationship between organisational factors and the effectiveness of environmental management. Journal of environmental management, 144, pp.186-196. Wengrzyn, R. (2016). The Theory of Attribution In Organizational Behavior: Definition and Three Determinants - Video Lesson Transcript | Study.com. [online] Study.com. Available at: https://study.com/academy/lesson/the-theory-of-attribution-in-organizational-behavior-definition-and-three-determinants.html [Accessed 20 Mar. 2016]. Zablah, A.R., Carlson, B.D., Donavan, D.T., Maxham, J.G. and Brown, T.J., 2016. A Cross-Lagged Test of the Association Between Customer Satisfaction and Employee Job Satisfaction in a Relational Context. The Journal of applied psychology.